Within the next few decades, China will be the largest emitter of CO2 in the world.  As China continues to expand its economy and the Chinese strive for a higher standard of living (if not wealth), energy demand -- and associated CO2 emissions -- are certain to grow.  At the same time, the Chinese have also committed themselves to environmental improvement and increased energy efficiency.  This talk addresses these tensions among energy, economic growth, and environment in Chinas future.